"Concussion is a brain injury and is defined as a complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain, induced by biomechanical forces. Several common features that incorporate clinical, pathologic and biomechanical injury constructs that may be utilized in defining the nature of a concussive head injury."
There are some points that are common most definitions of concussion:
1) There is a requirement of it being caused by a trauma.
2) There is an immediate, or nearly immediate, neurological dysfunction.
3) The symptoms are usually temporary, but in some cases may last up to a year or more.
4) Concussion results in a graded set of clinical symptoms that may or may not involve loss of consciousness. Loss of Consciousness (LOC) is not a necessary component of concussion. Only 10% of sports related concussion patient's demonstrate LOC.
5) Concussion is a functional disturbance rather than a structural injury.
6) Resolution of the clinical and cognitive symptoms typically follows a sequential course. However, it is important to note that in some cases symptoms may be prolonged.
7) The signs and symptoms cannot be attributed to an alternative causation such as a mental disorder or a medication.
Report on Trends and Participation in Youth Sports. Stuart, FL: National Council of Youth Sports; 2001 Finkelstein E, Corso P, Miller T. The Incidence and Economic Burden of Injuries in the United States. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2006. Langlois JA, Rutland-Brown W, Wald MM. The epidemiology and impact of traumatic brain injury: a brief overview. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006 Sep-Oct;21(5):375–378. [PubMed]
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